An agent-based simulation validates the theoretical claims of BPE. The simulation models a multi-source, multi-sink economy with heterogeneous agent capacities and task types.
| Parameter | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sources | 10 | Payment stream originators |
| Sinks | 50 | Capacity-declaring service agents |
| Task types | 3 | Heterogeneous service categories |
| Timesteps | 1,000 | Simulation horizon |
| EWMA | 0.3 | Capacity smoothing parameter |
Measures allocation efficiency over time. BPE achieves 95.7% versus 93.5% for round-robin and 79.7% for random allocation.
Simulates 20% node-kill events and measures recovery time. BPE recovers within ~50 steps.
Sensitivity analysis of the smoothing parameter on allocation efficiency and stability.
Shows that under the minimum-stake and slashing regime, stake fragmentation yields declining net profit as split count grows. Raw aggregate capacity grows as ; the friction is economic, not structural.
With overflow escrow sized at one period of peak demand, buffer stall rates drop from 73% to under 9%.
cd simulation
python bpe_sim.pyOutputs are saved as PDF figures in docs/paper/figures/:
convergence.pdf - Allocation efficiency over timeshock.pdf - Shock response and recoveryewma_sweep.pdf - EWMA parameter sensitivitysybil.pdf - Stake splitting cost analysisbuffer.pdf - Buffer utilization dynamicsSimulation source is on GitHub.